70 C. G. Fountzoulas and J. H. Yu Fig. 12.1 Damage propagation after 30 μs for elliptical defects with the minor axis parallel to line of impact; (a) 5mmand (b) 65 mm from the target edge Fig. 12.2 XCT slices: (a) cracks in aluminum (resolution 2 μm), (b, c) void density in the polymer with different stoichiometry of ceramic particles (resolution, 4.7 μm) melting temperature polymer with ceramic particles as processing aid in selective laser sintering [2] was studied by XCT using the in-house ZEISS Xradia 520 Versa microscope [3, 4], a nondestructive technique for visualizing interior features within solid objects, and for obtaining digital information on their 3-D geometries and properties (Fig. 12.2). The findings of these studies will be used for the production of strength and failure models of new materials or for the optimization of existing ones. Discussion ANSYS/WORKBENCH, COMSOL EPIC and Thermocalc is the software used for our numerical analysis. To date, our efforts have been focused mainly on duplicating the main cracks of metals such as aluminum, as the ones which are shown on Fig. 12.2a. Next step will be the introduction in our models of circular cross section defects in selected polymer samples and study their effect on the failure mechanism during impact. Optimization of materials performance will be studied by modifying the physical properties of existing materials aiming toward the synthesis of future materials. Moreover, defects will be strategically placed in these materials to study possible mass minimization without compromising their performance to external loading.
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