Residual Stress, Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Hybrid Techniques and Inverse Problems, Volume 8

Preface	5
Contents	6
1 Residual Stresses in Bovine Femurs	8
1.1 Introduction	8
1.2 Slitting Method	9
1.3 Slotting Model	10
1.4 Slotting Experiments with Bone Specimens	11
1.5 Initial Results	12
1.6 Discussion	13
1.7 Conclusions	14
References	14
2 Experimental Stress Analysis of Unsymmetrical, Irregularly-Shaped Structure Containing an Arbitrarily-Shaped Hole	16
2.1 Introduction	16
2.2 Relevant Equations	17
2.3 Results	17
2.4 Summary, Discussion and Conclusions	19
References	19
3 Quantitative Calorimetry and TSA in Case of Low Thermal Signal and Strong Spatial Gradients: Application to Glass Materials	20
3.1 Introduction	20
3.2 Experimental Setup	21
3.2.1 Specimen Geometry and Testing Conditions	21
3.2.2 Thermal Measurement	22
3.3 Image Processing and Theoretical Background	22
3.3.1 Image Processing	22
3.3.2 Thermoelastic Stress Analysis (TSA)	22
3.3.3 Simplified Heat Diffusion Equation	23
3.4 Results and Discussion	23
3.4.1 Stress Field	23
3.4.2 Heat Source Field Reconstruction	23
3.5 Conclusions	25
References	26
4 A New Denoising Methodology to Keep the Spatial Resolution of IR Images Equal to 1 Pixel	27
4.1 Introduction	27
4.2 Image Processing Methodology	28
4.3 Numerical Evaluation of the Proposed Methodolgy	28
4.3.1 Noised Numerical Image Construction	28
4.3.2 Denoising of Numerical Noised Images with the Proposed Method	29
4.4 Experimental Validation: Detection of Thermal Activity Along the Chips Border After Indentation	31
4.4.1 Experimental Set-Up	31
4.4.2 Experimental Results	32
4.5 Conclusion	32
References	33
5 Calorific Signature of PLC Bands Under Biaxial Loading Conditions in Al-Mg Alloys	34
5.1 Introduction	34
5.2 Specimen Preparation and Testing Conditions	35
5.3 Full Field Measurements	36
5.3.1 Kinematic Field Measurement	36
5.3.2 Temperature Field Measurement	36
5.4 Bi-Dimensional Heat Source Reconstruction from Temperature Field Measurement	36
5.5 Typical Results and Discussion	36
5.5.1 Mechanical Response	36
5.5.2 Thermal Response at the Specimen Centre	37
5.5.3 Calorimetric Response at the Specimen Centre	37
5.5.4 Bidimensional Heat Source Reconstruction	38
5.6 Conclusion	39
References	39
6 How Does Cristallizable Rubber Use Mechanical Energy to Deform?	41
6.1 Introduction	41
6.2 Specimen Preparation and Testing Conditions	41
6.3 Heat Source Calculation from Temperature Field Measurement	42
6.4 Typical Results and Discussion	42
6.4.1 Mechanical Response	42
6.4.2 Calorimetric Response and Intrinsic Dissipation	43
6.4.3 Mechanical Energy Is Used for Structure Changes	45
6.5 Conclusion	46
References	46
7 Use of Bulge Test Geometry for Material Property Identification	47
7.1 Introduction	47
7.2 Test Geometry	48
7.3 Virtual Fields Method	48
7.4 Discussion and Conclusion	49
References	50
8 Crystal Plasticity Parameter Identification by Integrated DIC on Microscopic Topographies	51
8.1 Introduction	51
8.2 Results and Conclusion	52
References	53
9 Comparison of Residual Stress Characterization Techniques Using an Interference Fit Sample	54
9.1 Introduction	54
9.2 Sample	54
9.3 Energy Dispersive Diffraction	56
9.4 Results and Discussion	57
9.5 Conclusion and Outlook	57
References	59
10 Influence of Thermographic Image Filtering on Hybrid TSA	60
Nomenclatures	60
10.1 Background	61
10.2 Analytical Component	62
10.3 Reconstructing TSA Image	62
10.4 Simulated Experiments	63
10.4.1 Methodology	63
10.4.2 Filtration Approach	64
10.4.3 Boundary Effects	64
10.4.4 Results	65
10.4.4.1 Effect of Noise Level	65
10.4.4.2 Effect of Kernel Size	66
References	67
11 Optical Analysis of Residual Stress with Minimum Invasion	68
11.1 Introduction	68
11.2 Principle of Operation of ESPI Method	69
11.3 Experiments	69
11.3.1 Specimen	69
11.3.2 Electronic Speckle-Pattern Interferometry (ESPI)	71
11.3.3 Acoustic Transducer	71
11.3.4 X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD)	71
11.4 Results and Discussion	72
11.4.1 Acceleration Measurement with ESPI	72
11.4.2 Acoustic Velocity Measurement	72
11.4.3 Residual Stress Measurement with XRD	73
11.4.4 Finite Element Modeling and Overall Assessment	74
11.4.5 Comparison of Results from All Methods	74
11.5 Summary	74
References	75
12 Determination of Constitutive Properties in Inverse Problem Using Airy Stress Function	76
12.1 Introduction	76
12.2 Relevant Equations	77
12.2.1 Traction-Free Boundaries	78
12.2.2 Mapping Formulation	78
12.2.3 Mapping Collocation and Displacements	79
12.2.4 Inverse Method Procedure	80
12.3 Experimental Details	81
12.3.1 Digital Image Correlation	81
12.3.2 Plate Preparation and Data Recording and Processing	81
12.3.3 Evaluating Number of Coefficients to Employ	82
12.4 Results	82
12.5 Summary, Discussion and Conclusions	83
References	83
13 High-Speed Infrared Imaging for Material Characterization in Experimental Mechanic Experiments	85
13.1 Introduction	85
13.2 Experimental	85
13.3 Results and Discussion	86
13.4 Conclusions	91
References	91
14 A Spatio-Temporal Approach for iDIC-Residual Stress Measurement	92
14.1 Introduction	92
References	94
15 Detection of Early Stage Material Damage Using Thermophysical Properties	95
15.1 Introduction	95
15.2 Theory	96
15.3 Experimental Setup	96
15.4 Results and Discussions	97
15.5 Conclusions	98
References	99
16 Repeatability of Contour Method Residual Stress Measurements for a Range of Material, Process, and Geometry	100
16.1 Introduction	100
16.2 Methods	101
16.2.1 Overview	101
16.2.2 Geometry and Material	101
16.2.2.1 Aluminum T-Section	101
16.2.2.2 Stainless Steel DM Welded Plate	101
16.2.2.3 Titanium Electron Beam Welded Plate	102
16.2.2.4 Stainless Steel Forging	102
16.2.2.5 Nickel Alloy Disk	102
16.2.3 Contour Method	103
16.2.4 Repeatability Experiments	103
16.3 Results	105
16.4 Discussion	109
16.5 Summary/Conclusions	111
References	112
17 System Identification of Structures with Modal Interference	113
17.1 Introduction	113
17.2 Simplification of Eigensystem Realization Algorithm with Data Correlation	114
17.3 Singular Value Decomposition for Ibrahim Time-Domain Method	114
17.4 Numerical Simulations	115
17.5 Conclusions	116
References	117
18 Influence of Printing Constraints on Residual Stresses of FDM Parts	118
18.1 Introduction	118
18.2 Materials and Methods	119
18.3 Results and Discussions	121
18.4 Conclusions	122
References	123

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