Chapter 4 Scrap Rubber Based Composites Reinforced with Ceramic Oxides and Silica D. Zaimova, L.-M.P. Ferreira, E. Bayraktar, and I. Miskioglu Abstract The paper presents results of investigation on composition of some ceramic oxides used for scrap rubber-based composites. The paper reports results of investigation on the influence of boron, boron oxide (B2O3) and silica presence of Zr2O3 in the composition. Silica is added as the agent controlling the composite transformation. The process of scrap rubber matrix reinforced with certain ceramic reinforcements during heating was examined by DSC/TG technique. Microstructure was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Mechanical and wear properties are also studied depending on the composition. The mechanical properties of the composite structure were found to significantly increase with increasing B2O3 and Zr2O3 contents. Keywords Recycled rubber • Composites • Low cost production • Ceramic reinforcements • Damage analyse 4.1 Introduction Around 22 million tons of rubber that is processed every year worldwide goes into making vehicle tires or other manufacturing of the pieces from rubber. Due to the complexity of processing, rubber can be somewhat difficult to recycle, even when the rubber residues are reclaimed and re-used to make new products, the lack of techniques for producing highquality materials means that the recyclables are transferred to secondary products [1–3], etc. For this reason, a new idea should be found to optimize the recycling of rubber waste in powder and researchers have been working on the processing of scrap rubber to create novel composite materials reinforced with hard particles. It has been shown that dramatic improvements in mechanical properties can be achieved by addition of a few weight percentages of ceramic materials consisting of oxides/silicates in matrices [4–13]. The large aspect ratios of silicates for example are thought to be mainly responsible for the enhanced mechanical properties of particulate–polymer nanocomposites. In this work, the influence of the addition of ceramic particles in matrix from treated (silane) a scrap rubber to create a new composite was studied. The results of density, hardness and macroindentation and impact test results were discussed. The dielectric properties, dielectric loss angle tangent (tan delta) were analyzed using a Dielectric Thermal Analyzer (DETA) and a Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA). Microstructure and fracture surfaces were analyzed by Scannin Electron Microscopy (SEM). D. Zaimova UTCM—University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria L.-M.P. Ferreira Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Supmeca-Paris, Paris, France E. Bayraktar (*) School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Supmeca-Paris, Paris, France e-mail: bayraktar@supmeca.fr I. Miskioglu ME-EM Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA #The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2017 W.C. Ralph et al. (eds.), Mechanics of Composite and Multi-functional Materials, Volume 7, Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41766-0_4 27
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