Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials, Volume 6

12.4 Conclusion This paper presented an inertial focusing method to separate rigid particles based on their deformability. We demonstrated such capability using yeast cells and polystyrene particles of similar sizes. A deoxygenation setup was calibrated and tested to be effective in deoxygenating sickle RBCs, which will facilitate generation of two separate populations of RBCs in sickle blood. In combination with this deoxygenation setup, we expect the double spiral channel will have the potential to separate rigid sickled cells from soft unsickled cells. Acknowledgement This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1464102. References 1. Pauling, L., Itano, H.A., Singer, S.J., Wells, I.C.: Sickle cell anemia, a molecular disease. Science 110, 543–548 (1949) 2. Ingram, V.M.: A specific chemical difference between the globins of normal human and sickle cell anaemia hemoglobin. Nature178, 792–794 (1956) 3. Bender, M.A., Douthitt Seibel, G.: Sickle cell disease. In: Pagon, R.A., et al. (eds.) GeneReviews ®. University of Washington, Seattle, WA (1993) 4. National Heart LaBI: The management of sickle cell disease. NIH Publication. 02–2117 (2002) 5. Du, E., Diez-Silva, M., Kato, G.J., Dao, M., Suresh, S.: Kinetics of sickle cell biorheology and implications for painful vasoocclusive crisis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 112, 1422–1427 (2015) 6. Di Carlo, D., Irimia, D., Tompkins, R.G., Toner, M.: Continuous inertial focusing, ordering, and separation of particles in microchannels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104, 18892–18897 (2007) 7. Di Carlo, D.: Inertial microfluidics. Lab Chip 9, 3038–3046 (2009) 8. Hur, S.C., Henderson-MacLennan, N.K., McCabe, E.R.B., Di Carlo, D.: Deformability-based cell classification and enrichment using inertial microfluidics. Lab Chip 11, 912–920 (2011) 9. Mach, A.J., Di Carlo, D.: Continuous scalable blood filtration device using inertial microfluidics. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 107, 302–311 (2010) 10. Hur, S.C., Brinckerhoff, T.Z., Walthers, C.M., Dunn, J.C.Y., Di Carlo, D.: Label-free enrichment of adrenal cortical progenitor cells using inertial microfluidics. PLoS One 7(10), e46550 (2012) 11. Ja¨ggi, R.D., Sandoz, R., Effenhause, C.S.: Microfluidic depletion of red blood cells from whole blood in high-aspect-ratio microchannels. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 3, 7 (2007) 12. Nagrath, S., et al.: Isolation of rare circulating tumour cells in cancer patients by microchip technology. Nature 450, 1235–1239 (2007) 13. Sun, J., et al.: Size-based hydrodynamic rare tumor cell separation in curved microfluidic channels. Biomicrofluidics 7, 11802 (2013) 14. Sun, J., et al.: Double spiral microchannel for label-free tumor cell separation and enrichment. Lab Chip 12, 3952–3960 (2012) 15. Chang-Yena, D.A., Galea, B.K.: An integrated optical oxygen sensor fabricated using rapid-prototyping techniques. Lab Chip 3, 5 (2003) 16. Du, E., Mendelsohn, L., Nichols, J.S., Dao, M., Kato, G.J.: Quantification of anti-sickling effect of Aes-103 in sickle cell disease using an in vitro microfluidic assay. Blood 124, 2699 (2014) 12 Rheology of Soft and Rigid Micro Particles in Curved Microfluidic Channels 87

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