Fig. 28.8 (a) Representation of the measured strain directions on the surface of each bend. (b) Measured strains for a combined specimen compared to the estimated thermal strain. (c) Measured strains for a transverse specimen compared to the estimated thermal strain 500 0 -500 -1000 -1500 Strain Offset (µε) Strain (µε) -2000 -2500 -3000 A 0 C A C A C A A A A C C C C C C A C A CCCACACACCC X2 -923.10 -312.71 -617.90 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 -1000 -2000 -3000 0 4000 8000 12000 Y4 Y2 X2 X4 Time (s) 16000 ∋ ∋ ∋ ∋ 20000 X4 Y2 Y4 95% Cl Mean C C 10 20 TVA+B 0 10 20 TVA+B 0 10 20 TVA+B 0 10 20 TVA+B X2 X4 Y2 Y4 offsets N1- xx yy est N1N1Fig. 28.9 (a) Strain offsets in the X and Y directions during the first and second cooling sequences of A and C type heating cycles for all bending and combined tests. (b) Representation of strain offsets 232 J.L. Smith et al.
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