second layout in (b) has the two bumps asymmetrically placed 10.4 m away from each other, thereby allowing for roll effects. These layouts are considered to represent typical road conditions as imposed by discrete obstacles. Fig. 3 Layout of roads with discrete bumps (a) symmetric large-small bumps (b) symmetric small bumps only and (c) asymmetric large-small bumps. 4.2 Belgian pave In this study, the Belgian pave represents general road roughness despite the fact that Breytenbach, [5] reports that the Belgian pave at Gerotek is of much higher roughness than that often reported in vehicle dynamics literature. Fig. 4 shows the Belgian pave in picture [5] (frames (a) and (c)) and as displacement PSD of the measured profile in frame (c). Bekker [6] notes that the peak at a spatial frequency of 6 cycles/meter in frame (b) corresponds to a wavelength of 167 mm which is the average length of the cobbles (frame (a)) in the direction of vehicle travel. 350
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