6 Vibration-Based Occupant Detection Using a Multiple-Model Approach 55 13.9 m 0 19.5 m 6.5 15 10 5 Initial Model Set Candidate Model Set Sensor Locations True Location Hall delimitations Fig. 6.6 Candidate locations (green) for the human presence derived from EDMF and 4 sensors compared the true location of a person demonstrated to provide a set of possible locations that include the true location of an occupant on a comparatively stiff slab using a sparse configuration of commercially available sensors. In order to improve model-based localization of human presence, a refined model that includes other parameters and their uncertainty and allows simulation of the dynamic response of the slab to human induced footsteps is needed. Also, an enhanced model would allow the engineer to select the optimal number and location of sensors to improve detection and localization of human presence. Finally, the automatic detection of footsteps and the localization of multiple consecutive steps will further decrease the uncertainty on human location since impossible walking patterns can be falsified. Acknowledgments This work was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation under Contract No. 200020_169026. References 1. Alwan, M., Rajendran, P.J., Kell, S., Mack, D., Dalal, S., Wolfe, M., Felder, R.: A smart and passive floor-vibration based fall detector for elderly. In: 2006 2nd International Conference on Information & Communication Technologies, IEEE, pp. 1003–1007 (2006) 2. Yu, X.: Approaches and principles of fall detection for elderly and patient. In: 10th International Conference on e-health Networking, Applications and Services, 2008. Health Com 2008, IEEE, pp. 42–47 (2008) 3. Schloemann, J., Malladi, V.S., Woolard, A.G., Hamilton, J.M., Buehrer, R.M., Tarazaga, P.A.: Vibration event localization in an instrumented building. In: Experimental Techniques, Rotating Machinery, and Acoustics, vol. 8, pp. 265–271. Springer (2015) 4. Lam, M., Mirshekari, M., Pan, S., Zhang, P., Noh, H.Y.: Robust occupant detection through step-induced floor vibration by incorporating structural characteristics. In: Dynamics of Coupled Structures, vol. 4, pp. 357–367. Springer (2016) 5. Pan, S., Bonde, A., Jing, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Noh, H.Y.: Boes: building occupancy estimation system using sparse ambient vibration monitoring. In: SPIE Smart Structures and MaterialsCNondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, pp. 90611O–90611O. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2014) 6. Mirshekari, M., Pan, S., Zhang, P., Noh, H.Y.: Characterizing wave propagation to improve indoor step-level person localization using floor vibration. In: SPIE Smart Structures and MaterialsCNondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, pp. 980305–980305. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2016) 7. Bales, D., Tarazaga, P., Kasarda, M., Batra, D.: Gender classification using under floor vibration measurements. In: Allen, M., Mayes, R.L., Rixen, D (eds.) Dynamics of Coupled Structures, Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, vol. 4, pp. 377–383. Springer International Publishing (2016) 8. Goulet, J.-A., Coutu, S., Smith, I.F.C.: Model falsification diagnosis and sensor placement for leak detection in pressurized pipe networks. Adv. Eng. Inform.. Elsevier 27(2), 261–269 (2013) 9. Pasquier, R., Goulet, J.-A., Acevedo, C., Smith, I.F.C.: Improving fatigue evaluations of structures using in-service behavior measurement data. J. Bridge Eng.. American Society of Civil Engineers 19(11), 4014045 (2014) 10. Pasquier, R., Angelo, L.D., Goulet, J.-A., Acevedo, C., Nussbaumer, A., Smith, I.F.C.: Measurement, data interpretation, and uncertainty propagation for fatigue assessments of structures. J. Bridge Eng.. American Society of Civil Engineers 21(5), 04015087 (2016) 11. Moser, G., Paal, S.G., Smith, I.F.: Performance comparison of reduced models for leak detection in water distribution networks. Adv. Eng. Inform. 29, 714–726 (2015) 12. Vernay, D.G., Raphael, B., Smith, I.F.C.: A model-based data-interpretation framework for improving wind predictions around buildings. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn.. Elsevier 145, 219–228 (2015)
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTMzNzEzMQ==