Figures 4 and 5 represent the shape measurements on a conical shape latex membrane. The object boundary conditions were controlled by the following procedure: a piece of latex membrane was clamped on the circular boundary of the hollow metal tube. And then it was deformed to a conical shape similar to the shape of tympanic membrane by pushing with a rod at the center of the membrane. The position of the rod along the optical axis is precisely controlled by the micrometer. Finally the surface of the membrane was painted with the holographic dust in order to have better contrast. The diameter of the conical shaped membrane is 12.73mm, and the height is 5mm. 3.2 Deformation measurement Fig. 6 Configuration of the deformation measurement in MEEI: (a) diagram of the optical head (OH) and object configuration, and (b) real configuration. Fig. 7 The deformation of the medial side of TM at phase 180 at the sound excitation of 1 KHz: (a) optical phase with location of umbo, and (b) perspective plot of the deformation. 205
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