206 M. Carroll et al. 19.4 Conclusion Challenges are associated with high-rate monitoring, condition assessment, and control of structural systems experiencing high-rate dynamics events below 10 ms timescales. The DROPBEAR test bed at the Air Force Research Laboratory has proven valid in serving as an experimental test bed for validating algorithms capable of real-time modeling of a continuously variable parameter in the form of changing roller cart movement. The algorithms discussed in this paper used real-time computation without the use of pre-calculated datasets and performed a frequency-based error minimization technique, which compared an experimentally derived resonant frequency to parallel instances of a FEA model with varying parameters. Furthermore, this comparison between experimental and analytical values resulted in the value with the highest agreement selected as the system’s current state and offered as the next value in a pool that is sampled without replacement for further iterations of the algorithm. Numerical verification proved that an increase in the FEA model’s fidelity and simultaneous instances resulted in decreased error in the cart location estimation. However, as average cycle times for each iteration increases, error reduction decreases. Proving the capability of the selected algorithm to operate at the proposed <10 ms timescale, results demonstrated that a 40-node FEA model ran in three separate parallel instances was capable of updating every 4.04 ms with an accuracy of 2.9%. Acknowledgements This material is based upon work supported by the United States Air Force through the Air Force Research Laboratory Summer Internship Program and AFRL/RWK contract number FA8651-17-D-0002 and partly by the National Science Foundation Grant No. 1850012 and 1937535. The support from these agencies is gratefully acknowledged. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Air Force or the National Science Foundation. References 1. Wadley, H., Dharmasena, K., He, M., McMeeking, R., Evans, A., Bui-Thanh, T., Radovitzky, R.: An active concept for limiting injuries caused by air blasts. International Journal of Impact Engineering. 37(3), 317–323 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.06.006 2. Dodson, J.C., Lowe, R.D., Foley, J.R., Mougeotte, C., Geissler, D., Cordes, J.: Dynamics of interfaces with static initial loading. In: Dynamic Behavior of Materials, vol. 1, pp. 37–50. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00771-7_5 3. Stein, C., Roybal, R., Tlomak, P., Wilson, W.: A review of hypervelocity debris testing at the air force research laboratory. Space Debris. 2(4), 331–356 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/b:sdeb.0000030024.23336.f5 4. Chen, W., Hao, H.: Numerical study of blast-resistant sandwich panels with rotational friction dampers. Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn. 13(06), 1350014 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219455413500144 5. Joyce, B., Dodson, J., Laflamme, S., Hong, J.: An experimental test bed for developing high-rate structural health monitoring methods. Shock. Vib. 2018, 1–10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3827463 6. Parker Servo Systems. onexia.com/parker/pdf/ONExia-Parker-P-Series-Catalog.pdf (2016) 7. Hong, J., Dodson, J., Laflamme, S., Downey, A.: Transverse vibration of clamped-pinned-free beam with mass at free end. Appl. Sci. 9(15), 2996 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/app9152996
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